@JRob, -- When perming hair into curls/waves, I think it's necessary to use the included neutralizer because that's what "locks" the new curl pattern into the hair... When using the perm solution to "relax", reposition, or straighten hair, it's better not to use the neutralizer and let the hair air-cure for 24 hrs. instead, from what I understand. Can you leave the hair rolled on the perm rods overnight to air neutralize into curls too?